show_results

Extract the score display and grade message into a show_results function

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After the for loop, the quiz prints the score and a grade message — eight lines that always run together. Extract them into a function so the while loop body becomes shorter and the results logic has a single home.

Defining show_results

The function needs to know the score and total to do its job. Pass both as parameters:

def show_results(score, total):
    print(f"Score: {score}/{total}")
    if score == total:
        print("Perfect score!")
    elif score >= 2:
        print("Great job!")
    elif score >= 1:
        print("Not bad!")
    else:
        print("Keep practicing!")

Calling show_results

Replace the eight-line block in the while loop with a single call:

show_results(score, total)

The values of score and total at the time of the call become the parameters inside the function.

Default parameters preview

Python lets you set a default value for a parameter so callers can omit it:

def greet(name, greeting="Hello"):
    print(f"{greeting}, {name}!")

greet("Alice")           # Hello, Alice!
greet("Bob", "Hi")       # Hi, Bob!

You will use default parameters in the next chapter when you define run_quiz.

Instructions

Extract the results display into a function so the while loop body becomes shorter and the grade logic has a single home.

After the ask_question function definition, define a function named show_results with parameters score and total — it needs both values to print the score line and decide which grade message to show.
Inside show_results, call print(f"Score: {score}/{total}") — this shows the player how many questions they got right out of the total.
Add an if/elif/elif/else chain: score == total prints "Perfect score!", score >= 2 prints "Great job!", score >= 1 prints "Not bad!", else prints "Keep practicing!" — the conditions are ordered from most restrictive to least so each score falls into exactly one branch.
In the while loop, replace the eight lines from print(f"Score: ...") through print("Keep practicing!") with a single call: show_results(score, total) — one line replaces eight, and the logic now has a single home that's easy to find and change.

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QUESTIONS = [
    ("What is the type of the value 3.14?", "int", "str", "float", "bool", 3),
    ("What keyword defines a function in Python?", "for", "def", "if", "class", 2),
    ("What does print() do?", "Stores a value", "Returns a number", "Displays output", "Reads input", 3),
]
total = 3

def ask_question(text, o1, o2, o3, o4, correct):
    print(text)
    print()
    print(f"  1) {o1}")
    print(f"  2) {o2}")
    print(f"  3) {o3}")
    print(f"  4) {o4}")
    print()
    answer_text = input("Your answer (1-4): ")
    answer = int(answer_text)
    is_correct = answer == correct
    print()
    print(f"You answered: {answer}")
    if is_correct:
        print("Correct!")
    else:
        print(f"Wrong! The correct answer was option {correct}.")
    return is_correct

# Step 1: Define show_results(score, total):
    # Step 2: print(f"Score: {score}/{total}")
    # Step 3: if/elif/elif/else chain for grade message

while True:
    score = 0
    streak = 0
    print("=== Python Quiz ===")
    print()
    for text, o1, o2, o3, o4, correct in QUESTIONS:
        result = ask_question(text, o1, o2, o3, o4, correct)
        if result:
            score = score + 1
            streak = streak + 1
            if streak >= 3:
                print(f"  Hot streak! ({streak} in a row)")
        else:
            streak = 0
    # Step 4: Replace the 8 lines below with show_results(score, total)
    print(f"Score: {score}/{total}")
    if score == total:
        print("Perfect score!")
    elif score >= 2:
        print("Great job!")
    elif score >= 1:
        print("Not bad!")
    else:
        print("Keep practicing!")
    print()
    again = input("Play again? (y/n): ")
    if again != "y":
        break

print("Thanks for playing!")

show_results

Defining show_results

Calling show_results

Default parameters preview

Instructions

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